Chapter 5:

Section 5.1

Section 5.2

Section 5.3

Diagram the five-step life cycle of animal viruses.
Define the term cytopathic effect and provide one example.
Discuss both persistent and transforming infections.
Provide thorough descriptions of both lysogenic and lytic bacteriophage infections.

Section 5.4

Section 5.5

Section 5.6

Analyze the relative importance of viruses in human infection and disease.
Discuss the primary reason that antiviral drugs are more difficult to design than antibacterial drugs.

Chapter 6:

Section 6.1

List the essential nutrients of a bacterial cell.
Differentiate between macronutrients and micronutrients.
List and define four different terms that describe an organism’s sources of carbon and energy.
Define saprobe and parasite, and provide microbial examples of each.
Compare and contrast the processes of diffusion and osmosis.
Identify the effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic conditions on a cell.
Name two types of passive transport and one type of active transport.

Section 6.2

List and define five terms used to express a microbe’s optimal growth temperature.
Summarize three ways in which microorganisms function in the presence of differing oxygen conditions.
Identify three important environmental factors (other than temperature and oxygen) with which organisms must cope.
List and describe the five types of associations microbes can have with their hosts.
Discuss characteristics of biofilms that differentiate them from planktonic bacteria.

Section 6.3

Summarize the steps of cell division used by most bacteria.
Define doubling time, and describe how it leads to exponential growth.
Compare and contrast the four phases of growth in a bacterial growth curve.
Identify one quantitative and one qualitative method used for analyzing bacterial growth.